Prayers of gratitude and intercession

Mennonite churches in Democratic Republic of Congo

Background

The Democratic Republic of Congo is a country located in Central Africa, inhabited by nearly 80 million people, belonging to500 tribes and living on a surface of 2 345 410 square kilometers. The country experienced two waves of evangelism. The first evangelism occurred during the15thcentury through the first European explorers. This evangelism did not produce appreciable results. The missionaries’ collaboration with the colonizers for slavery, the lack of the Gospel in local languages, the fighting between tribes, and the traditional religions were some of the main cause of its failure. As for the second evangelism, it refers to the era of missionary organizations. The American Baptist Mission (ABMFS) was the first organization to launch its ministry in 1878 in the Congo Central, in the west of the country.

Among the missionary societies that followed, one can quote the Congo Inland Mission (CIM), a mission society founded by American Mennonites. The work that CIM started in the Congo in the 19th century has resulted in about 250 000 Congolese Mennonites belonging to three different denominations: the CommunautŽ des Eglises des Frres Mennonites au Congo (CEFMC), the CommunautŽ EvangŽlique Mennonite (CEM) and the CommunautŽ Mennonite au Congo (CMCo).

Congolese Mennonites initiatives

Anabaptist-Mennonite churches in DR Congo preach a holistic gospel. This is why, everywhere they are established, they build chapels, but also schools, clinics or hospitals, colleges or universities. They are also involved in peace building and reconciliation initiatives with the support provided by Mennonite Central Committee (MCC) and Mennonite Brethren Mission.

Moreover, Congolese Mennonites are presently active in cross-cultural evangelism. Their testimony goes beyond boundaries especially to Angola, Congo Brazzaville and South Africa.

And in DRC, Mennonites continue planting churches in other provinces and are reaching even hidden or resistant people such as Batwa Pygmies in the Equatorial Forest. Four Batwa pygmies have been already trained at a Bible Institute and three of them are ordained pastors. Thirty-two local churches are established with them and led by themselves. In fact, mission departments are in charge of this important ministry in the Mennonite conferences.

Besides, a program to reach especially Chinese citizens and/or foreign businessmen is already moving through prayers, distribution of Christian literature and other contacts.

Major challenges

In spite of the dynamism of the Congolese local Mennonite churches and the various natural resources in the country, the populations are confronted with poverty and the majority of them, even Mennonites, live in rural areas, below the poverty line. Political instability, wars, corruption, and the activism of the non-Christian religions are the major challenges that Christian ministries and churches are facing in the DRC.

A Mission Story of KMC – witnessing in faith

Country context in Brief

Kenya Mennonite Church (KMC) is a conference registered in The Republic of Kenya. Kenya has a total land area of 581,309km2. Around 9.5% of this total land area is arable. The population is 48 million with a growth rate of 2.3%. Women constitute 52% while 75% of this population is below 30 years while 8 million are aged between 15 and 24 years. Life expectancy stands at 50 years. Kiswahili is the national language while English is the official language. There are 43 other ethnic and urban youth languages. Adult literacy rate stands is 78% with female rate at 42.7%.

Kenya is a secular state. However, Christianity remains the dominant religion with Protestants and Catholics constituting about 45% and 33% respectively. Islam is at 11%, while Indigenous at 9% and 2% being other minority faiths. The constitution K2010 guarantees full religious freedom. There are twenty-two unreached people groups (UPGs).

Economically, the country is an agricultural producer with light industries. Kenya is also a tourist industry. Nearly 50% of the population survives on less than $1 per day while 40% of labour force is unemployed. Real GDP growth is 4-5% with inflation rate recording 5% as at January 2018.

KMC’s history and mission structures

KMC traces her beginnings from Tanzania Mennonite Church (KMT). KMT inspired evangelists planted pioneer congregations in Kenya from 6 December 1942. Up till 1977 when the Conference was registered under Societies Act of Kenya, the KMT leadership oversaw the congregations. KMC exists to obey the great commandment (Matt 22:36-40) and commission (Matt. 28:18-20). The Church envisions a holistic empowered dynamic and multiplying missional church that impacts God’s shalom in a transformed world. In mission, we evangelize, disciple and equip individuals to witness a Christ centred peace and compassion within our families, across cultures and in public spaces. Our rallying call is “Everybody is a missionary where is and everywhere”.

Structurally, the Church has a hierarchical organization based on seven geographically defined dioceses. The overall authority of KMC is vested in the congregation of voting members at an Annual General Conference. Conference attendees are diocesan delegates, pastoral teams and lay program leaders. The Church organs include: Mission Field Cell Fellowship (MFCF), Congregation, Local and Diocesan Church Councils. A National Executive Council (NEC) is the superior mission and administration organ that runs Conference affairs.

Historical and ongoing mission challenges

KMC celebrates the contradictions manifest in most post-modern Christian church, periods of vibrant growth, stagnation, decline and renewal. The Church has for decades recorded impressive growth with adherents once reported at 35,000 members. This exponential growth witnessed congregations being established beyond the traditional geographical rural regions of Nyanza. However, this growth encountered challenges which include:

Poverty and marginalization:

Congregations are predominantly feminine and rural based with very high incidence of illiteracy, poverty and disease. Despite women membership constituting two thirds, patriarchal traditions continue to marginalize their access to leadership roles. Minority people groups such as refugees have also remained neglected. These fragile conditions diminish the Church’s capacity to adequately resource mission work.

Inadequate Anabaptist theological and Leadership training:

Historically, KMC blossomed under evangelist oriented dual leadership for mission and congregation. The place of theology, academics, structures and systems remain held in suspicion, doubt and contempt. The Pastor’s congregational governance duties has diminished mission to a non-priority business.

Negative ethnicity, clannism and inequalities:

Secular and Church politics share a history of rewarding negative otherness, tribalism and clannism. These factors influence the way both the pews and the pulpit are populated. Congregations tend to emerge as alternate ethnic and clan social security formations with large populations of baptized but nominal and secularized Christians.

Changed environment of Idolatry and youth exodus:

The working class and students have affinity for idols, self-gratification and instant answers to generational life challenges. This group despises the promise of faith and the “Jesus Kingdom”. Instead they have embraced anti-intellectualism, syncretism, legalism and unmitigated human rights narratives. The resulting trend is dechristianization and exiting the Church.

Inter-faith competition, conflict and violence:

Kenya faces the dual challenge of, an aggressive spread of Islam and the threat of insecurity posed by Al-Shabaab Islamic extremists. The terror group trains and arm young Muslims to kill Christians and destroy Churches. Evangelism and mission work, in predominantly Muslim regions, is a high-risk undertaking that few Christians would dare try.

A record of hope and fruit-bearing practices

KMC is celebrating several mission patterns by reaffirming mission as the core business of the Church. The Church established a mission agency styled KMC-SPAN Ministry (Sending Peace to All Nations). The Church confesses that Jesus is the Peace for witnessing in the ever-violent mission context. SPAN undertakes planning and implementation of programs under the NEC’s Secretariat. The renewal outcomes are both a product of faithful prayers and strategic visioning, planning and execution.

The replicable approaches include:

Partnering for synergy and gift sharing in the Body of Christ:

KMC successfully established cross-cultural missions in Uganda and Kenya among the UPGs. Through own initiatives and partnerships, the Church runs several unique community mission and inter-faith interventions.

Everybody is a missionary:

We exploit the job-seeking push and pull factors that drive the work and education migration trends as an opportunity. Members share the gospel and promote the establishment of pre-congregation MFCF in their new cross-culture locations.

Interfaith peace discipleship and contextualization:

Christian-Muslim relations is a priority for the Church’s mission. We conduct specially designed cross-culture, community and school focused mission ministries through Eastleigh Fellowship Centre (EFC) and Centre for Peace & Nationhood (CPN) initiatives in predominantly Muslim neighbourhoods of Nairobi County. These mission programs promote coaching, discipleship and person to person witnessing through trainings, youth sports, business entrepreneurship, community wellness, school peace clubs, inter-faith dialogues, community health and nutrition.

Mapping, sending and relational building:

We respond to Church planting as shared by missional surveys and contacts. Specifically, we take the gospel to UPG areas by directly sponsoring missionaries who to evangelize and plant churches in identified priority cross-culture communities.

Conclusion

In spite of the daunting challenges facing KMC, our confidence rests in the words of Apostle Paul (Phil. 4:13). As the Church gets down to pray, we have prioritized two thematic areas for intervention. These are cross-culture entry and contextualized mission among Turkana County and South Sudanese. Secondly, Anabaptist leadership education for Youth and Women will equip and enhance their access to missional leadership roles for an integrated holistic ministry in a fast-changing world.

By Rev. Patrick J. Obonde (KMC-SPAN Missions)

Uruguay has an extension of 176.215 Km². It borders with Brazil in the north, and with Argentina in the west along the Uruguay River and the south along La Plata River, as well as the Atlantic Ocean.

There were 3,500,000 inhabitants in the country in 2010, half of which live in and around the Capital, Montevideo.

Soccer and politics are the two passions that unite the people of Uruguay. It is said that every child in Uruguay is born with a soccer ball under their arm! Participation in the national elections is obligatory meaning that there is no other nation in the world that is so involved in the election of their rulers.

Due to being a small country,and the bounds of accepted social conduct, people tend to be traditional and conservative. They are relaxed and neighborly. They are very receptive and hospitable with foreigners, and for this reason there are many foreign communities and people living in the country. There are no longer any original indigenous populations living in Uruguay.

An increasing number of homes are single parent households; for this reason,one fifth of Uruguayan homes are female-headed households.

The separation between Church and State has been in effect since 1916. Freedom of religious expression is ensconced in the Constitution. Sixty percent (60%)of the population considers themselves to be Christian, while 24% have no professed religion or are atheist, with 12% being spiritualist and 1.8% Jewish. Of those who consider themselves Christian, 47% profess to be Catholics and 6.5% Evangelical. At least half of the people who profess to be Christian do not participate in any church (although statistics vary widely). Given the secular nature of the Uruguayan state, Christian holidays are officially given other names. For instance, Holy Week is called Tourist Week and Christmas is the Family Feast. Many believe in God in their “own way”. They live out their religiosity without identifying with any particular faith tradition, making them easy victims to moral relativism and a reversal of values. They are mistrustful of any religious apparatus. Increasingly, syncretism between traditional and African religions is gaining importance.

This creates a very different religious climate in Uruguay to that of the rest of the continent. Uruguay has often been called the burial ground of missionaries because it is so difficult to plant a church there (an activity that requires at least 5 years to carry out, but usually more than that).

The first evangelical contact made with the country was in 1806 with the English occupation, in other words by the Anglican church. The first Methodist attempt was made in 1839, but was only firmed up more recently in the 1860s. The Waldensians started arriving from 1857 onwards. It was around the same time that the Lutherans also began to arrive. The first Baptist church was organized in 1911, as well as the Free Brothers church. The Armenian Evangelical church began in 1926. The first Mennonites arrived in 1948 as Second World War refugees from Germany, and shortly thereafter their missionary work among the Uruguayans began. Later, many more migrants and missionaries from other groups arrived.

Over the last few decades, so-called Evangelical groups have come to Uruguay that are really get rich quick schemes. They request fees for prayer for the sick or other situations that life throws at people, gathering fortunes and leaving a terrible testimony behind for all other Evangelicals.

Despite specific efforts made to grow and to plant more churches, there are still parts of the country that have few if any evangelical churches. This is true along the coast of La Plata River from Montevideo to Punta del Este, as well as for a small number of towns in the interior. Slowly but surely the evangelical movement is being strengthened in local hands.

As Mennonites, we have received a number of missionary outreaches in order to promote church planting, and we have been able to grow somewhat in members and in number of congregations. Even so, it is still a challenge to hold onto our Anabaptist identity and work together to extend the church.

There was a concerted effort at the start of this century to plant interdenominational churches, resulting in a boom but later many gains were lost.

Missionaries who come to the country need to be given lots of time by their sending congregations and they need to have a lot of patience themselves. Some have first taken a year to get to know the secular as well as church context in Uruguay by working with a parachurch organization. Another recommendation is to learn Spanish here, or to take time to learn the local dialect, given that Uruguay has many unique expressions. Discussions about politics and soccer can be very intense, and it is recommendable to steer clear of them.

The Evangelical context in Uruguay is polarized between liberals and conservatives making for significant tensions between the two.

The percentage of Evangelicals in the country is low and we struggle to achieve consistent growth. As such, we ask that you pray for us and for our country, Uruguay, that the Evangelical witness may increase.

Hermann Woelke